Finance


AB 510 (full text here) passed both the Senate and Assembly, and Governor Schwarzenegger says he will sign the bill into law.  The bill raises the cap set on the number of homes and businesses that can take advantage of net energy metering.  Yes, there’s a cap!  The utilities don’t want “customer-generators” producing power without limit, and the government appears concerned the customers will somehow tip the “balance of power” between customer-generators and utilities (yes, that’s an energy pun).

At its core, the bill states utilities are not required to issue permits and enter agreements with “customer-generators” (residential and commercial solar and wind power producers) beyond 5% of the utilities’ aggregate customer peak power demand.  The previous cap was 2.5%.

The legislation also addresses co-energy metering.  Co-energy metering is an arrangement between publicly owned utilities and customer-generators who produce between 10kw (50kw for wind) and 1MW.  These generators are compensated based on the time of energy use and generation.

On the other hand, standard net-metering arrangements are for customer-generators who produce 3 -10kw.  The rate at which net-metering customers are compensated is either a “time of use” model such as that with the co-energy metering producers, or a “baseline” model.

A ratemaking authority (also described in the bill) sets the rates for compensating customer-generators who have an energy surplus at the end of the year and follow the baseline model. The primary goal for the rate-making authority is to set a price that ensures non-participating customers pay the same for energy they would have otherwise paid had no net-metering been used.

To its credit, the bill allows the ratemaking authority to compensate net energy producers for the value of the electricity itself, AND the value of the renewable attributes of the electricity.  This little nod allows net energy producers to receive a bonus if the renewable attributes of the energy production add indefinite or unforeseen benefits (Cap and Trade anyone?)

Congratulations (I hope not premature) to AB 510 sponsor, Assembly Member Nancy Skinner (14th District).  The bill was proposed last year as AB 560 (click here for more of that story), but it died in committee.  We’re glad to see it is on its way to the finish line this time!

Editor’s Note: Stay tuned for Part 2 of this post that will discuss other requirements and considerations in the bill. UPDATE: Click Here For Part 2

Some friends of mine are putting on a great event in San Jose, CA April 1 with a panel of speakers discussing innovations in sustainability.  The subject-matter looks to focus on energy, so it’s not exclusivly green building.  Nonetheless, energy and building are inextricably linked (especially with the funding of smart grid and distributed power technologies).  It will be a fun event filled with new ideas and lots of networking.

The title of the event is “The Clean Tech Gold Rush: Where to place your bets in your Investments and in your Career.” The event will be held at Club Auto Sport in San Jose (gorgeous venue).  The organizers have already confirmed Andrew Friendly from Advanced Technology Ventures (his portfolio companies are Solar Junction, AltaRock Energy, Rive Technology, Wakonda Technologies), Kelsey Lynn from Firelake Capital Management, Bob Garzee (Founder and CEO of ETDC), and Eric Wesoff from Green Tech Media (Chief Analyst).

The event is open to the public, and ”early bird” $15 tickets are available until February 21.  If you’re interested in learning more about the speakers and the event, click on this link: http://cleantechgoldrush.eventbrite.com/

Stadiums.  They’re large, and they’re empty for large amounts of time.  Because of this strange dichotomy, stadiums are incredibly expensive to operate and maintain.  They are also expensive to build.  Construction of the new Yankee stadium cost $1.5 billion.  All that money and a dearth of environmental considerations. Why?!

A few new stadiums are showing better judgment.  The Washington Nationals started the trend a few years ago with the first LEED Silver professional stadium, (more info here).  The Florida Marlins are joining that club with a LEED Silver stadium of their own.  Other venues are showing a commitment to the environment.   The Phoenix Suns, NY Giants and Jets (VIDEO!), NY Mets, San Francisco Giants, and New England Patriots either have or plan environmental efforts or LEED qualifying measures for their stadiums.  The EPA is even helping some of the projects (More info here)

Let’s not forget these efforts are not always smooth.  Remember the labor controversy around the green roof at the Target Center in Minneapolis? (I’m still looking to see how that was resolved – stay tuned).

But, more to the point, public money is regularly required to build these new structures, so implementing green measures should be a required part of the package.  Generally, states are moving to require green municipal buildings, and the federal government already requires it.  How did the new Yankee stadium get city dollars and federal tax breaks and still end up a relic of inefficiency?  It’s disappointing and short-sighted.  The Federal government and many states have long required that large structures for the public must include sustainable measures.  It’s time all publicly financed stadiums get included.  I’m not saying every stadium needs to meet LEED standards, but at 1.5 billion, I’m guessing they could have found some room in the budget for waterless urinals or solar panels. C’mon Yankees, you lead in everything else!

Congratulations to the New Orleans Saints!!  Pitchers and catchers, report in seven days…

ESolar, based out of Pasadena, CA, just announced a deal to help build a series of solar thermal power plants (AKA concentrating solar power or CSP) in China capable of generating 2 gigawatts (2,000 megawatts).  Under the arrangement, eSolar will provide Shandong Penglai Electric Power Equipment Manufacturing with the technology and information to build a $5 billion series of CSP power plants.

China has set a goal for 15% of the nation’s energy to come from renewable resources by 2020. The Associated Press reported on Saturday that due to market pressures, and recent success in generating renewable energy the Chinese government may increase that goal to 20%. Further, Chinese law requires that energy companies buy all energy available through renewable sources (such as wind, solar, and geothermal) before they can use energy from non-renewable sources such as coal.

This deal not only shows China’s interest in generating power from renewable sources, it also shows China’s interest in acquiring knowledge about alternative fuel technologies.  Though China is not allowed to export any technology acquired under the deal, all of the manufacturing for the plants will occur in China.  With that kind of expertise, it will be tough to keep Chinese industry from using the knowledge to build similar plants in China.

ESolar counts Idealab, Google, and Oak Investment Partners as some of its investors.  The New York Times also ran an interesting story about the eSolar deal and some of China’s apprehension about CSP.

Some power generation facilities store energy during peak hours to later use during off peak hours (and vice versa).  The best example of this is battery storage of energy from wind and solar generators.  Wind and sun generate most of their power during the day, and in the case of solar, there is no energy generated in the evening.  An example of how this process works both ways is in the case of hydroelectric power generation when water is pumped to higher elevations during off-peak hours.  During peak hours the water pumped up is released, and extra power is available.  This method is called “pumped storage.”

These processes result in some energy loss, but proponents say the cost to generate the electricity is minimal, so why not?  For a small hit in efficiency, you get clean, carbon neutral power around the clock.  For the most part, I agree.  Wind, sun and water are in high abundance for power generation, and not an ounce of carbon is produced (though the added wear and tear on equipment eventually leads to shorter life spans, higher maintenance costs, etc…)  This leads to more manufacturing and likely more carbon emissions. Regardless, these methods are all far better than popping up a new coal plant.

Now, add a “new” tool to the tool box.  Compressed Air Energy Storage (“CAES”).  I guess it’s been around for a while in Germany and Alabama, so it’s not so “new.” But it is possibly new to California!   An article from the San Francisco Chronicle on August 27, 2009 details how PG&E is seeking a federal grant of $25 Million to design a facility in Kern County, CA using CAES.  Kern County is about half-way between LA and San Francisco.  The facility would use power generated by solar and wind to pump air into porous rock reservoirs.

Then, at night when the sun’s gone, or on a day when the wind won’t blow, the compressed air is released and generates electricity.  The plant PG&E would like to see would provide 300 MW for 10 hours…that’s enough to power 750 homes.

The total cost of the facility would be about $300 Million over five years.  That may seem like a lot, but when you realize that once it’s up and running there are no added costs for fuel, it starts to make sense.

By 2010, PG&E needs to generate 20% of it’s power from renewables.  They’re not going to make it, but with efforts like this and the recent deal with BrightSource Energy (full disclaimer, BrightSource is a client of Bell, Rosenberg & Hughes, the workplace for the authors of this blog), no one can say PG&E isn’t trying.  According to a recent article in the Sacramento Business Journal, Peter Darbee, CEO and Chairman of PG&E stated PG&E has contracts that will allow the utility to deliver up to 24 percent of its energy from renewable sources by 2013.

CAES doesn’t sound ideal, but creativity like this can only lead to better things.  Also, with a carbon credit market likely around the corner, facilities like this may generate unforeseen dividends.

For the San Francisco Chronicle article that includes a great illustration of CAES, click here

For the Sacramento Business Times Article, click here

Solar power is on everyone’s mind these days.  We still remember the exorbitant oil prices of the summer of 2008, when oil reached it’s peak of over $150 a barrel.  However, for many, solar energy, much like hybrid cars, are a cost-prohibitive luxury.

SolarCity, a California solar provider, hopes to change all of that.

Instead of having consumers front the cost of the equipment and installation of solar systems, which can range anywhere from $50 – $75,000,  SolarCity , with financing from U.S. Bancorp,  will front the cost, and the consumer pays a set monthly lease.  In a way, this is similar to a power purchase agreement used by energy companies and local governments.

On average, a consumer is estimated to save about 10 – 15% of their current monthly energy bill.

Read the complete article here.

There are two great events in the Bay Area on Thursday, June 11!  Greentech Media and SRI International are hosting a very compelling Green Building Summit in Menlo Park, and the San Francisco Business Times announces their 2009 Bay Area Green Business Award Winners at a dinner/reception at the San Francisco Hilton.

The Green Building Summit is an all day event with a cocktail/networking reception in the evening.  The topics and speakers look top notch and are focused on emerging businesses and research.  There will be plenty to gain from topics including, new business models, new materials, financing/stimulus, and business strategy.  Also, there will be a chance to meet with representatives from the 2009 Clean Tech Open finalists.  Click here for more information.

As the topic suggests, the San Francisco Business Times event promises to be light on substance, and heavy on fun.  It will be a networking schmoozefest and a wonderful evening to catch up with colleagues, or make new business connections in a festive atmosphere.  Click here for more information. 

Look for our own Sarah Grilli at the Business Times event.  Sarah just passed the LEED AP exam, so make sure to extend congratulations when you see her.  Way to go, Sarah!

Every now and then there is one of those moments when you ask “why didn’t they do this before?”  Well, the launch of the Berkeley FIRST program is exactly one of those moments.  With the help of Renewable Funding, LLC, Berkeley, CA now offers a program where residential homeowners can install a photovoltaic solar array on their home with no money down.

Renewable Funding, LLC, a private company, created this “win-win” financial services product for municipalities and homeowners, and Berkeley, CA is the first taker.  For Berkeley, Renewable Funding underwrites (AKA bankrolls) revenue bonds that pay for the installation of solar arrays.  Then, through a separate line item on a property owner’s property tax bill, the bonds are paid down over a 20 year term.  If the property owner sells the home, the debt obligation for the solar array (just like the array itself) stays with the property.

Boulder County, CO took  a different approach. Berkeley hired Renewable Funding, LLC to finance and administer the bonds, but Boulder hired Renewable Funding to only administer the bonds.  Whether Renewable Funding bankrolls the program or not, the model seems to work, and solar arrays get installed faster.

Look for this type of program in your California community!  AB 811 (amending Streets and Highways Code 5898.12 et seq.) passed last year authorizes just such an initiative.  Under S&H Code 5898, Renewable Funding is working with the California Statewide Communities Development Authority to implement California FIRST this summer.

Read more about Renewable Funding, LLC by clicking here.

Read more about the Berkeley FIRST program by clicking here.

Read more about the California FIRST program by clicking here. 

 * A Public-Private Partnership is a partnership between a government entity and a private entity that results in the private entity delivering services traditionally offered by government. (e.g. a toll road).

 

Everyone seems to have a “solution” to the economic problem these days.  One attorney, perhaps a little self-servingly (and rightfully so), implores the government to forgive student loan debt to stimulate the economy. (Click here)   A group of Ohio University students continue with the decades-old mantra that America must protect its economic interest through restrictions on free trade.  (Click here)  While I am able to easily dismiss these solutions as fanciful ideas–more idealistic than pragmatic–there is one recent solution that has caught my attention.

A recent Forbes article written by an ex-Lehman Brothers VP raises an interesting solution to solving the ever-increasing foreclosure problem: subsidizing solar panels for distressed homeowners.  In his article, Robert Luty states that the government has already launched over a trillion dollars in spending programs designed to help distressed homeowners and banks.  His solution would, in his words, “help possibly a million homeowners, unleash strengthened bank capital for new lending and increase gross domestic product with the same solution and at the same time.”  In addition, it “could also make a significant advance in the country’s renewable energy goals in the process.”  Now imagine all of this, with the same trillion dollars the government is already spending.  Talk about teaching a person to fish!

At first glance, I was ready to throw this solution into the “it’s a great idea, but . . .” pile.  However, I decided to read on.  After all, here was a Wharton-educated Wall Street capitalist writing in favor of tree-hugging green technology.

Luty throws some fancy numbers and finance terms around, but the gist of his proposed solution is this:

Imagine an average homeowner who purchases a house in 2006 that loses 25% of its value.  Add to that lost household income of about 20%.  This puts the household’s debt-to-income (DTI) ratio at about 47% (ah, the good old days when your mortgage comprised only 20% of your income).  

Now, he roughly calculates a solar photovoltaic (PV) system would cost about 10% of the home value and generate 100% of the household energy needs.  The total cost of the solar PV system would be subsidized by the government of course.  In return, the homeowner would no longer be subject to increasing energy costs and the value of the solar PV system (both in terms of current energy savings and future potential) would bring the value of the house almost back to its pre-crisis value.  As a result, the homeowner would be able to refinance the home with current low interest rates and lower his or her DTI to the desired 31%.  

Yes, I had some trouble following the logic of a finance guru, but to put it in laymen terms:  (1) create value and equity by adding government-subsidized solar power to the home, (2) refinance the now “detoxified” asset, (3) save money, (4) produce clean energy, and (5) help the environment.  It seems like a win-win situation.

And yet, being the proverbial Chicken Little, I can’t help but be a bit skeptical and pessimistic at this overly-simplistic solution.  As a colleague of mine stated, “People won’t buy into this.  It’s like rewarding irresponsible individuals for overextending themselves.”  Maybe so, but isn’t the government already doing that for the same homeowners and banks?

(Click here for the full article)

* The author of this post is in no way advocating Luty’s proposal.  Rather this post is meant to be a simple observation on how green technology can possibly be an economically viable solution.

Tax incentives are the biggest tool for governments to encourage green building, but what do you do when you don’t pay taxes?  There is a long list of groups that don’t pay taxes and thus miss out on any tax credit incentive.  Generally, these are groups that have the least amount of capital to invest in the up front cost of building green (schools, non-profit organiations, religious institutions, and yes, municipalities).   Also, let’s not forget businesses that aren’t making a taxable profit . . . there are a few of those around these days . . .

The state of Oregon seems to have a good solution.  Oregon allows the tax-exempt entity to pass through tax credits to their contractor or other vendor.   They even allow taxable entities to use the pass through program.  Tax credits are based on the cost of the project.  Arguably, the pass through program encourages construction that would otherwise not get started – that means jobs, and that means a stronger economy resulting in more tax revenue.  The Oregon Department of Energy states,

“The Pass-through Option allows a project owner to transfer their Business Energy Tax Credit project eligibility to a pass-through partner for a lump-sum cash payment. A project owner may be a public entity or non-profit organization with no tax liability or a business with tax liability that chooses to use the Pass-through Option.”

 

Click here to read more about Oregon’s Tax Credit Pass-Through Program.

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